Ubuchwepheshe benqubo yokukhishwa kokukhiqiza ukudla okukhukhumele sekuwumkhuba ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula ukudla kwasemanzini. Umsebenzi oyingqayizivele we-extruder ukushintsha isisindo sokuphakelayo, ngaleyo ndlela kukhiqizwe ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezintantayo, ukunensa, nokulungisa ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezikhukhumele. Ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezintantayo akugcini nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphakelayo, kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, kuvumela abalimi ukuthi babone isimo sokudla kwezinhlanzi, bagweme ukudla ngokweqile futhi banciphise imfucuza yokudla.
Yabelana:
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokucubungula obuyinkimbinkimbi uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla okukhukhumele emanzini uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amasu okucubungula, ikhwalithi yokucubungula yokuphakela kwamanzi okukhukhumele ngokuvamile ayizinzile noma ezinye izinhlobo azikwazi ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo efanelekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza yangempela. Kunezici eziningi ezithinta ikhwalithi yokucubungula yokuphakela kwamanzi okukhukhumele. Kuphela ngokuqonda ngokugcwele umthelela wezinto zokusebenza zenqubo ye-extrusion kanye nezakhiwo ze-physicochemical zezinto ezingavuthiwe eziphakelayo kukhwalithi yokucubungula, kanye nokushintsha ngokwesayensi izimo zokusebenza zokuphuma nokukhukhumala, lapho ikhwalithi yokucubungula yokuphakela kwamanzi okukhukhumele ingalawuleka ngempumelelo futhi izinga lokuphasa ngesikhathi esisodwa lemikhiqizo lithuthukiswe.
I-MUFENG MISSIONxnd Puffing Fish Feed Processing Technology
1.1 Ukukhama nokuphafuza okuphakelayo kwezinhlanzi
Ukuvuthwa okukhamayo kufinyelelwa ngokuhlanganisa imiphumela yamanzi, ingcindezi, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokugunda kwemishini. Enqubweni yokuvuthwa kwe-extrusion, izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi komshini lingafinyelela ku-90-200 ℃, futhi ubude be-extrusion busukela kumasekhondi angu-2-30. Umkhiqizo okhishiwe uzobhekana nochungechunge lwezinguquko zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali, njenge-starch gelatinization, i-protein denaturation, ukungasebenzi kwe-enzyme, izakhi ezinobuthi, nokungasebenzi kwe-microbial.
Ukucubungula ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezikhukhumele kudinga ukujova isitimu namanzi, futhi okokusebenza kufanele kuqukathe okungenani u-20% wesitashi, esisebenza ngokuyinhloko njengesibophezelo namandla. Izinga lokushisa lomkhiqizo okhishiwe kufanele libe ngu-125-138 ℃, ama-atmospheres angu-34-37 (33-36kg\/cm2), kanye nomswakama ongu-25-27% ngaphambi kokuphuma esikhunjini sendandatho; Ngemuva kokukhishwa, ukuminyana kwenqwaba kufanele kube ngu-320-400g/L futhi okuqukethwe komswakama kufanele kube ngu-21-24. Lapho izinto ezikhishwayo zikhishwa esikhunjeni, amaphuzu angu-3-4 amaphesenti omswakama alahlekile. Ngaleso sikhathi lapho izinto ezikhishwayo zikhishwa esikhunjeni, ukukhululwa okungazelelwe kokucindezela kubangela ukuthi amanzi ashiswe ngokweqile aphenduke abe yi-steam, anciphise umswakama wezinto ezikhishwayo futhi akhiqize amabhamuza amaningi amancane ukuze anciphise ukuminyana. Kulapho kuphela lapho okuphakelayo okukhishiwe kungantanta. Ukomisa ukudla kwezinhlanzi ngokuqhubekayo (imvamisa enomswakama ongaphansi kuka-10%) nakho kungathuthukisa ukuntanta kwayo. Ukuminyana kwenqwaba okungu-480g\/L kubonwa njengendawo yokujika yokuntanta nokucwila kokuphakelayo kwe-pellet. Uma ukuminyana kwenqwaba kungaphansi kwalokhu, kuyantanta, futhi uma kungaphezulu kwalokhu kuminyana kwenqwaba, kuyacwila.
Yabelana:
1.2 Uhlobo nesakhiwo se-extruder
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-extruder emakethe, ezingahlukaniswa ngokuyisisekelo zibe izikhipho eziyisikulufa esisodwa kanye nezikhiphi eziphuma ngamawele ngokuhambisana nokwakheka kwesikulufu. Ama-extruder angama-screw single angahlukaniswa abe ama-extruder elaphayo amanzi, ama-extruder okwelapha okomile, nama-extruder akha abandayo. I-extruder ngokuvamile iqukethe izingxenye ezine eziyinhloko, okuhlanganisa isistimu yokudla, i-modulator, i-extruder boring nedivaysi yokusika. Isikulufu sokuphakelayo ngesivinini esishintshashintshayo ohlelweni lokuphakela siphakela izinto zokusetshenziswa kumojula yangaphambili, futhi opharetha angakwazi ukuqapha isimo sokuphakela ngezikhombisi zeleveli ephezulu nephansi namafasitela ezingilazi ezibonakalayo. I-modulator ijova ngamanzi nokushisa ngendlela ye-steam, futhi yonke inqubo yokuguquguquka ihlala imizuzu emi-5, iqedela ukuvuthwa okungu-40-50%. I-extruder boring ihlanganisa ikhanda nesikulufu, futhi umsebenzi wesikulufu ukusunduza okubalulekile nokulawula inqubo yokuvuthwa ngaphakathi kwe-extruder. Isikulufu esisesigabeni sokuphakela sihambisa impahla, ngokuvamile ngezikulufu ezijulile; Ukuxuba isikulufu esiphakathi nezinto zokuxova; Isikulufu sokugcina siya siba mncane kancane, sivumele into ukuthi ibunjwe ibe umkhiqizo wokugcina.
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1.3 Khiqiza okuphakelayo okuzikayo okukhukhumele
Uma wenza ukudla okukhukhumele kakhulu, faka amanzi kumoduli (ngaphandle noma ngomjovo omncane we-steam), futhi isikhunta sendandatho kufanele sibe nokucindezela kwe-atmospheres engu-26-30 (25-29kg/cm2). Izinto ezikhishwayo kufanele zibe nokuqukethwe kwamanzi okungama-28-30%, ukuminyana kwenqwaba engu-450-550g/L ngemva kokukhishwa, izinga lokushisa elingu-120 ℃, kanye nokuqukethwe komswakama okungama-26%. I-extruder yokwelapha efudumele isebenzisa i-die ene-vent, kuyilapho i-extruder eyomile isebenzisa i-extrusion die yesibili, enganciphisa izinga lokushisa, umswakama, kanye nezinga lokunweba lomkhiqizo okhishiwe, futhi ikhiqize ngokushelela okuphakelayo okucwilayo. Ikhanda lesikhunta elinesikhala linamathele eduze kwesifanekiso, ngakho-ke lingasetshenziswa nasezimeni lapho amavithamini, ama-pigments, nezithuthukisi ze-flavour kudingeka zengezwe ezintweni ezikhishwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuhlanjululwa ngokweqile. Ukudla kwezinhlanzi ezicwilayo kufanele kube nesitashi esingu-10% kanye namafutha angu-12%, futhi umkhiqizo wokugcina okhishiwe kufanele womiswe kumswakama ophakathi kuka-10% kuya ku-12%. Ukomisa ngokweqile kungabangela ukuthi ukudla okucwilayo kuntante.
Yabelana:
Izinqubo Zokusebenza Zedivayisi Yokuqinisekisa Ikhwalithi Kunqubo Yegranulation
2.1 Gxila ekulawuleni ikhwalithi yokucubungula umkhiqizo
Ukugxila kokuphakelayo okukhukhumele ngaphambi kokukhishwa kuwukuthi izinkomba zokudla okunomsoco ziyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umsebenzi wokuhlola nokususwa kokungcola wenziwa ngendlela efanele, noma ngabe usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezichotshozwayo kanye nokufana kokuxubana kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso, ukuvimbela nokulawula ukungcoliswa okuphambene, nokuthi idigri ye-conditioning kanye nokuvuthwa iyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso; Ngemva kokukhishwa, kugxilwa kakhulu ekushintsheni kwezinkomba zokudla okunomsoco, ukufana kwezinhlayiyana, izinga elithile lokudonsela phansi\/i-buoyancy rate, ukuthambisa\/isikhathi sokumelana namanzi, i-viscoelasticity yezinhlayiyana ngemva kokuthambisa, okuqukethwe kwempushana, nombala wokubukeka.
4.3 Ibanga lokucindezela elisebenzayo lesakhiwo sembobo yesikhunta
2.2.1 Ifomula yezinto ezingavuthiwe. Izakhiwo zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali wezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukwelashwa kusengaphambili, kanye nokwakheka kwefomula konke kuthinta ikhwalithi yokucubungula yezinto ezikhukhumele. Ngokukhethekile, i-coefficient yekhwalithi yokunwetshwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ithinta umphumela wokunweba kokuphakelayo nezindleko zokunweba. Ukuthi impahla ayinakho ukungcola, noma ngabe usayizi wezinhlayiyana ufinyelela ezingeni, nokuthi ingabe ukwelashwa kwe-pre conditioning kuyenziwa kuzothinta umphumela wokunweba; Isitashi, uwoyela, kanye nokuqukethwe kwefayibha engahluziwe yefomula yokudla ngokwezinga elithile kunquma umphumela wokugcina wokuphafuza.
2.2.2 Impahla yokusebenza. Isakhiwo sokusingatha (noma ngabe kusetshenziswa i-eksisi eyodwa noma i-double axis, D: Usayizi wenani le-L, ukusatshalaliswa kokuvunguza okuvunguzayo), ukumiswa kwemishini yokucubungula (ukuchotshozwa, ukuhluzwa, ukomiswa, nokufafazwa), kanye nemingcele ye-extrusion die hole (isakhiwo sembobo eyodwa nendawo ye-die hole) konke kuthinta ikhwalithi yezinto ezikhishwayo.
2.2.3 Ukusebenza kokukhama. Inani lamanzi nesitimu okwengezwe lizothinta usayizi wezinhlayiyana kanye nombala wokubukeka komkhiqizo; Uma kucatshangelwa isidingo somthamo wokukhiqiza kanye nokukhishwa kwangempela kwefekthri, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni izinga lokugcwalisa kanye nesikhathi sokugcinwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo lapho kulungiswa isivinini sesikulufa; Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa lokukhukhumeza kanye nokucindezela kokukhukhuma kunquma ngokuqondile idigri ye-gelatinization kanye ne-puffing degree yesitashi.
2.2.4 Ezinye izici. Ukuguga nokuguga kwemishini yokukhukhumeza, kanye nokuthi umqhubi uyinqalabutho, ngezinga elithile kuzothinta ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokukhukhumeza. Lokhu kudinga ukuthi sinikeze ukuqeqeshwa kokusebenza kwabaqalayo ngaphambi kokuba baqale ukusebenza futhi sithuthukise amabhukwana wokusebenza ajwayelekile ukuze asetshenziswe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sidinga ukulandelela njalo ukuguga nokudabuka kwezikulufu, ama-bushings, nezibungu ukuze sinqume ukugcinwa nokushintshwa kwakamuva.
Yabelana:
Copyright © Henan Mufeng Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd. Wonke Amalungelo Agodliwe
3.1 Ukuchoboza usayizi wezinhlayiyana. Usayizi wezinhlayiyana ubalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokucubungula i-extrusion kanye ne-puffing. Ukuchoboza izinto eziqinile zibe yizinhlayiya kunganciphisa i-coefficient yokwandisa yomkhiqizo, okwenza kube lula ukuvimba isikhunta; Ukuthonya umphumela we-pre conditioning kanye nokuxuba kwe-extrusion; I-extruder inokugqoka okuphezulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu kwamandla kagesi; Kuzokwenza futhi ukubukeka kwezinhlayiya zomkhiqizo kube nzima. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukunquma usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokuchotshozwa ukonga kakhulu ngokusekelwe ebangeni lomkhiqizo kanye nezidingo ze-extrusion.
Yabelana:
3.2 Okuqukethwe kwesitashi. Okuqukethwe isitashi okunengqondo nokuphakeme kancane kuzokhuphula i-coefficient yokunweba futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokuntanta; Ukwandisa ububanzi bokusebenza kwe-extrusion kwenza kube lula ukuzinzisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo; Okuqukethwe isitashi esiphakeme kancane kuzokhuphula ukugeleza kokokusebenza, okuzuzisa imbudumbudu yesiphakeli futhi kusize ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokubukeka kwama-granules. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zesitashi ezinhle zihlanganisa ufulawa we-gluten ophezulu, ufulawa wommbila kanye nesitashi samazambane.
3.3 Amafutha angahluziwe. Emishinini ye-axis eyodwa, uma okuqukethwe kwamafutha angcolile kwempahla eluhlaza kudlula i-8% ngaphambi kokukhishwa, i-homogenization yezinto ezibonakalayo empofu, ikhwalithi engazinzile, i-viscosity yomkhiqizo encishisiwe, nokunciphisa ukumelana kwamanzi kuzokwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhishwa; Ithinta izinga lokushisa le-extrusion nokucindezela, inciphisa amandla okukhukhumeza, futhi yehlise izinga lokuntanta lomkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, lapho inani lamafutha eliphelele lokuphakelayo okuntantayo okukhukhumele lidlula u-8% ngaphambi kokukhishwa, uwoyela oweqile kufanele ufuthwe futhi wengezwe ngaphandle ukuze kuncishiswe umthelela ekucutshungulweni kwe-extrusion. Ngomkhuba wokukhiqiza, kufakazelwe ukuthi izinto ezingavuthiwe zikawoyela ophezulu zinenzuzo ekuthuthukiseni amazinga kawoyela. Inani elincane lomjovo wangaphandle lomjovo kaphethiloli lihlobene nosayizi wezinhlayiyana nokushelela kwendawo, futhi uma izinhlayiya zizincane, kuba lula ukufeza ukufana.
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3.4 Amaprotheni aluhlaza. Umthombo nokuqukethwe kwephrotheni engahluziwe ezintweni ezingavuthiwe kunomthelela obalulekile kumphumela we-extrusion kanye nokukhukhumala. Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza kokukhukhumeza kwamaprotheni ezilwane kuyehluka kakhulu, kuyilapho ukusebenza kokukhukhuma kwephrotheni yezitshalo sekungcono. Phakathi kwebanga elithile, ukwanda kokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni angcolile kubangela i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, ukunciphisa ukuguga kwempahla, ukuhlelwa komkhiqizo okungcono, kanye nokwenyuka kwe-viscoelasticity.
Yabelana:
3.5 Izinto ezingavuthiwe zoboya namagobolondo. Uma uphezulu amandla adonsela phansi athile ezinto ezingavuthiwe ezifana ne-cottonseed meal, i-coconut seed meal, ne-rapeseed meal efomini, kuba nzima kakhulu ukuchoboza izinto ezisetshenziswayo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokuchotshozwa kuncipha ngokulandelana. Ukuma okungajwayelekile kwezinto zoboya negobolondo nakho kunzima ukukuthwebula kahle, okungakhuphula kalula izinga lokuhluleka kokukhiqizwa kokuvimbela isikhunta. Imikhiqizo equkethe inani elikhulu lezinto zegobolondo ijwayele ukugqashuka amabhamuza ngesikhathi sokucubungula, okuholela ekubukekeni kwezinhlayiyana ezimbi.
Yabelana:
4. Amaphuzu Abalulekile Ekhwalithi Yokucubungulaxnd Ukulawulwa Kwezisetshenziswa Zenqubo
4.1 Isimiso sokulawula usayizi wezinhlayiyana zokuchotshozwa
I-aperture yesikhunta idinga ukuthi i-sieve aperture ibe ngaphansi kwengxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ye-mold aperture, futhi ukuvuleka okuphezulu kwesisefo akufanele kudlule i-1.2mm. Ukubukeka komkhiqizo kudinga ukuthi usayizi wezinhlayiyana ocolekile ngesikhathi sokukhipha nokukhukhumalisa, kube ngcono ukubukeka komkhiqizo; Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukulawula ukucoleka kokuchotshozwa kwezinto ngokomnotho nangokunengqondo ngokusekelwe ezinhlobonhlobo zokuzalanisa, ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokuchotshozwa ezingadingekile.
Yabelana:
Amaphuzu Abalulekile Wokucutshungulwa Kobuchwepheshe Nokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Kokuphakela Kwamanzi Amanzi
Uma imbobo yokufa ye-extrusion ingaphansi kuka-2.0mm, impushana kufanele ihlolwe ngesisefo se-mesh engu-18-24 ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola; Uma imbobo ye-extrusion die ingaphezulu kuka-2.0mm, impushana kufanele ihlolwe ngesisefo se-mesh engu-12-16 ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola. Uma imbobo yesikhunta ingaphansi kuka-2.0mm, uma ifomula iqukethe ingxenye enkulu yoboya, ukotini, nezinto zegobolondo, ngisho nangemva kokuhlolwa kwezikhala ezingama-24, ukuzinza kokukhiqizwa kwe-extrusion kusekubi.
Izinyathelo Eziphezulu Eziyishumi Zokulawula Izindleko Zokukhiqizwa Kwefeed Factory
Lapho uklama imingcele yebanga lokucindezela, ibanga lokuminyanisa kufanele libe izikhathi ezingu-1.2-1.5 lapho imbobo ingaphansi kuka-1.5mm, futhi izikhathi ezingu-0.8-2.0 imbobo lapho imbobo ingaphezu kuka-2.0mm. Ubudlelwano phakathi kwebanga lokucindezela nokubukeka komkhiqizo kubonakala ngokuthi ibanga lokucindezela kwembobo yesikhunta lifushane, indawo yomkhiqizo inezimbotshana, futhi umumo uyindilinga; Ibanga lokucindezela kwembobo yesikhunta lide, indawo yomkhiqizo ibushelelezi, futhi ukwakheka kuyi-cylindrical.
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4.4 Ukukhethwa kwezisetshenziswa zenqubo yokomisa
Uma kukhona ukucaciswa kwemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene kanye nokubunjwa, umshini wokomisa umbhede onokuzihlanza kanye nemisebenzi yokujikeleza komoya oshisayo kufanele kukhethwe; Lapho ukucaciswa komkhiqizo nokuma kukodwa futhi iqoqo lokukhiqiza likhulu, i-multi-stage flip plate counter dryer yamanje ingakhethwa; Lapho ukhetha umshini wokomisa, kuyadingeka ukucabangela izidingo zokufana komswakama womkhiqizo, indwangu yesayensi nezinzile kanye nezakhiwo zokukhishwa, kanye nesidingo sokugcina ubuqotho bezinhlayiyana nokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwenqubo.
Yabelana:
2.2 Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinto Ezithinta Ikhwalithi Yokucubungula
Ngaphambi kokufafaza impahla, impushana enhle nezinhlayiya ezinkulu kufanele zihlolwe futhi zisuswe; Uma umthamo womjovo kaphethiloli wangemuva ungaphansi kuka-5%, kungakhethwa umjovo oqhubekayo wesigubhu, futhi uma ungaphezu kuka-5%, kufanele kukhethwe umjovo we-batch vacuum fuel (umbhobho owodwa owuketshezi) kufanele kukhethwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukulawula ngokunembile inani lezinto ezisetshenziswayo kanye noketshezi okwengezwe ngokwesilinganiso sefomula ukuze kuzuzwe ukufuthwa okufanayo.
