1.1 Mhedzisiro paDigestibility
1.1.1 Nguruve
Kuderedza saizi yezvimedu zvechikafu kunogona kunatsa kugayiwa kwechinhu chakaoma, simba, uye mapuroteni kubva muchibage kana mhunga munguruve dzakarumurwa. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti kudzikisa saizi yechikamu kunowedzera nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pekudya ma enzymes uye zvimedu zvekudya, zvichisimudzira kusanganiswa kwekudya nema enzymes ekugaya. Nekudaro, madiki madiki saizi anogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa, sekuwedzera njodzi yezvirwere zvegastric senge gastric ulcer. Munguva yekukura uye kupera kwenguruve, saizi yakakodzera diki inogona zvakare kunatsiridza digestibility yekudya. Semuyenzaniso, kudzikisira saizi yechibage kubva pahukoshi hukuru kusvika pa500-600 microns kunogona kusimudzira kugaya kwayo uye kunyura muura hwenguruve, zvichiita kuti nguruve dzishandise zvirinani kudya kunovaka muviri.
1.1.2 Huku
Chikafu chehuku kana chikakuyiwa zvakanyanyotsetseka, zvinoita kuti huku dzishaye kukwana, kusanganisa nemate, zvotadzisa kugaya. Chimedu chakakodzera chinobvumira huku kuti dzidye uye kugaya chikafu. Semuenzaniso, kukuya gorosi nebhari kusvika pasi pe2.5 millimeters uye kugadzira chibage kuita hupfu kunobatsira huku zvizere kusanganisa chikafu nemate panguva yekudya, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubatwa nekuita kwema enzymes emudumbu mudumbu, nekudaro kunatsiridza kugaya kwekudya.
1.1.3 Mombe neMakwai
Kuzvipfuyo zvakaita semombe nehwai, kukuya kwakafanira kunobatsira pakuvhima, kusimudzira kuviriswa nekuora kwechikafu nematumbu erumen uye kunatsiridza kugaya. Zvisinei, kumombe nemakwai dzakura nedzisina kusimba, kukuya chikafu chacho zvakatsetseka zvikuru kunogona kubhadhara kusakwanisa kwadzo kudzeya uye kugaya, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kugaya chikafu chacho zviri nani uye kunwa zvinovaka muviri. Semuyenzaniso, kukuya chikafu chemakwai achembera kusvika mukati memirimita imwe kunogona kunatsiridza kugayiwa kwavo uye kutorwa kwechikafu muchikafu.
1.1.4 Mhuka dzemumvura
Iyo idiki saizi yechikamu chekudya kwemvura, iyo yakakura nzvimbo yepasi inosangana nemaenzayimu ekugaya, uye inokwirisa kugaya kwekudya. Semuyenzaniso, kukuya zviyo zvekudyisa hove dzemvura yakachena kusvika pa 0.425mm (40 mesh) zvinogona kuvandudza kugayiwa nekunyudzwa kwechikafu muhove, kuderedza marara echikafu, uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kunharaunda yemvura. Kukuya kwakakodzera kunogonesawo kugadzikana kwechikafu chemvura mumvura, zvichiita kuti isanyanya kuparara uye kuita kuti kudyiwa nemhuka dzemumvura kuve nyore.
1.2 Impact paKukura Kwekukura uye Feed Conversion Ratio
1.2.1 Nguruve
Munguva yenguruve, kukuya kwakakodzera kunogona kukurudzira kukura kwenguruve uye kunatsiridza shanduko yekudya. Semuyenzaniso, kugadzira chibage nesoya bhinzi muchikafu chenguruve nekukura kwakakodzera (0.6-1.0 millimeters) kunogona kukurumidzira kukura kwenguruve uye kuderedza chiyero chekudya-ku-nyama. Muchikamu chekukura uye kupedza, zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kune imwe neimwe 100μm inoderera muhukuru hwechibage, G: F (kuwana-ku-feed ratio) yenguruve inokura inogona kuwedzera ne1.3%. Kana saizi yechibage yakaderedzwa kubva ku800μm kusvika 400μm, G: F yenguruve inowedzera ne7%. Muchikamu chekudyara, kuderedza saizi yezviyo kunogona kuwedzera simba rinogayiwa renguruve, nekudaro kuvandudza kurema kwemarara. Nekudaro, kana saizi yekukuya yakakura zvakanyanya, zvinogona kutungamira mukudzikira kwekudya kwenguruve, izvo zvinozokanganisa kukura kwekuita.
1.2.2 Huku
Kukuya kutsetseka kwechikafu chehuku kunokanganisa kudya nekugayiwa kwavo, zvichikonzera kukura uye kushandurwa kwereshiyo. Semuyenzaniso, mukupfuya mabroiler, kudya nekukura kwakakodzera kunoita kuti mabroilers adye zvakanaka uye nekugayiwa zvakanaka, zvichikurudzira kukura kwawo nekukurumidza uye kunatsiridza chiyero chekushandura chikafu. Kana huwandu hwekudya husina kufanira, sekunge hwakakasharara, zvinogona kukonzera kunetsa mukudya kwehuku uye kusadya kwakakwana kwekudya; kana yakanyanya kunaka, inogona kukanganisa kugayiwa kwehuku, kuderedza kukura uye kushandurwa kwereshiyo.
1.2.3 Mombe neMakwai
Kumombe nemakwai, kudya kwakakodzera kukuya fineness kunobatsira kuvandudza mwero wekukura kwavo uye reshiyo yekushandura chikafu. Kumombe dzinokodza, kukuya zviyo zvine mwero usati wadya kunogona kuvandudza mashandisirwo echikafu, kukurudzira kukura, uye kupfupisa kukora. Kuhwai, kupa chikafu chine hunyoro hwakakodzera pakukura kwakasiyana kunogona kuzadzisa zvido zvavo zvekudya, kunatsiridza kukura kwekukura, uye kuderedza mitengo yekuberekesa.
1.2.4 Mhuka Dzemvura
Kukuya kutsetseka kwechikafu chemumvura kune kukanganisa kukuru pakukura uye kushandurwa kwereshiyo yekudya kwemhuka dzemumvura. Mukurima shrimp uye gakanje, kukuya zviyo zvekudyisa kune yakatsetseka inosangana nezvinodiwa zvedanho rekukura kwavo kunogona kugonesa shrimp nemakanje kukura nekukurumidza uye kunatsiridza shanduko yekudya. Semuenzaniso, kukuya Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed kusvika 0.25mm (60 mesh) kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukura uye kushandiswa kwekudya kweMacrobrachium rosenbergii, kuwedzera mari yekuberekesa.
1.3 Kukanganisa Utano Hwemhuka
1.3.1 Nguruve
Kunyanya diki diki kugaya saizi chimwe chezvinhu zvinokonzeresa maronda emudumbu munguruve. Kuderedza ukuru hwechibage kubva 1200μm kusvika 400μm kana kubva 865μm kusvika 339μm zvinogona kutungamirira kuwedzera kwezviitiko zvegastric ulcers munguruve. Mushure mokunge nguruve dzichiita maronda emudumbu, dzinobatwa nehutachiona hweHelicobacter, iyo inokanganisa hutano hwavo. Naizvozvo, mukugadzirwa kwechikafu chenguruve, zvinodikanwa kudzora hunyoro hwekukuya kudzivirira kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nehukuru hwakanyanya diki diki kune hutano hwenguruve.
1.3.2 Huku
Chikafu chakanyanyonaka chinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvekufema muhuku nekuti chikafu chakatsetseka chakawandisa chinoburitsa huruva, uye huku dzinowanzofema huruva panguva yekudyisa izvo zvinogumbura nzira yekufema. Kuchengeta chikafu chakakodzera chekukuya kunogona kuderedza kugadzirwa kweguruva, kuderedza kuitika kwezvirwere zvekufema muhuku, uye kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwadzo.
1.3.3 Mombe neMakwai
Kune mombe nemakwai, chikafu chisina kufanira kugaya fineness chinogona kukanganisa basa ravo rerumination, zvichikanganisa hutano hwavo. Chikafu chakanyanyowandisa hachikonzere kurumwa kwemombe nehwai uye chinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakaita seruminal impaction uye bloat. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti chikafu chekukuya chinoenderana nekugayiwa kwenyama yemombe nemakwai kwakakosha kuchengetedza hutano hwavo.
1.3.4 Mhuka dzemumvura
Kukuya kusina kufanira kwechikafu chemumvura kunogona kukanganisa kugadzikana uye kunaka kwechikafu mumvura, zvichizokanganisa hutano hwemhuka dzemumvura. Kana zvimedu zvekudya zvakakurisa, mhuka dzemumvura dzinonetseka kuadya; kana chikafu chikanyoroveswa zvakanyanya, chinogona kuita kuti chikafu chiparare nekukurumidza mumvura, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwekudya uye zvinogona kukanganisa hutano hwematumbo emhuka dzemvura. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kunyatso kudzora kukuya kwekunaka kwechikafu maererano nemhando uye danho rekukura remhuka dzemumvura.
Zvikafu zvakasiyana zvine zvinodiwa pakukuya fineness yemhando dzemhuka dzakasiyana uye matanho ekukura akasiyana emhando yemhuka imwe chete. Kukuya kwakakodzera kutsetseka kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kugayiwa kwechikafu nemhuka, kukurudzira kukura kwemhuka, kunatsiridza shanduko yekudya, uye kuve nechokwadi chehutano hwemhuka; nepo kusakodzera kugaya fineness kuchave nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakukura kwemhuka, kuwedzera mari yekuberekesa uye njodzi yezvirwere zvemhuka. Mukugadzira kupfuya chaiko, kutariswa kwakazara kunofanirwa kupihwa kurudzi rwemhuka, danho rekukura, uye hunhu hwezvikafu zvekudya, uye kukuya kwechikafu kunofanirwa kudzorwa zvine mutsindo kuti zviwane kupfuya kwesainzi, kunatsiridza kuberekana kwakanaka, uye kukurudzira kusimukira kwakasimba kwekupfuya mhuka nekuchengetwa kwemvura. Mune ramangwana, nekuenderera mberi nekudzika kwetsvagiridzo yekudya kwemhuka, zvinotarisirwa kuwedzera mazinga ekukuya kwekudya zvakanaka, zvichipa tsigiro yehunyanzvi hwekupfuya mhuka.
-Henan Mufeng Intelligent Equipment Co., Ltd.
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