一、Mapangidwe Zinthu
- Kuchepa kwa Wowuma kapena Gelatinization Wosakwanira: Wowuma gelatinizes (gelatinizes) panthawi yotentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri, kumachita ngati chomangira chachilengedwe. Ichi ndiye gwero loyamba la kuuma kwa pellet. Ngati kuchuluka kwa zopangira zowuma monga chimanga ndi tirigu mu kapangidwe kake ndizochepa kwambiri, kapena ngati zinthu sizikuyenda bwino, wowuma sangapangike gelatinize mokwanira.
- Mapuloteni Ochulukirachulukira: Mapuloteni ochuluka kwambiri (makamaka mapuloteni opangidwa ndi zomera monga chakudya cha soya) amakhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsana ndi kutentha, kuchepetsa mphamvu yomangiriza ndikupangitsa kuti fupa likhale lotayirira.
- Mafuta Ochulukirachulukira: Mafuta (kaya ndi omwe amapezeka muzopangira kapena opaka pambuyo pake) amagwira ntchito ngati mafuta m'ma pellets, amachepetsa kwambiri kulimba kwa ma pellets. Pamene mafuta okwana (makamaka mafuta owonjezera) amaposa 5%, zotsatira zoipa pa kuuma ndizofunika kwambiri.
- Ulusi wochuluka kwambiri kapena wotsika kwambiri: Unyinji wokwanira wa ulusi umakhala ngati "chigoba" panthawi yopindika, kulimbitsa kulimba polukana. Komabe, ulusi wochuluka (monga kuchuluka kwa chinangwa kapena mpunga wa mpunga) ulibe zomatira, zomwe zimachepetsa kulimba kwa pellets. Komano, ulusi wosakwanira umakhala wopanda chigoba chothandizira.
- Kupanda binder: Mu zina zapadera formulations (monga chakudya m'madzi kapena chakudya sitata) kapena pamene ntchito zipangizo zapadera zopangira, popanda Kuwonjezera odzipereka pellet binder (monga lignin sulfonates, bentonite, colloids, etc.), pellets adzavutika kukwaniritsa kuuma ankafuna.
二、Njira Zopangira ndi Zochita Zogwirira Ntchito
- Kusakhazikika bwino:
- Ubwino wa nthunzi: Gwiritsani ntchito nthunzi youma, osati yonyowa kapena kutentha kwambiri. Kuthamanga kwa nthunzi kosakhazikika kapena kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhudza momwe zimakhalira.
- Kutentha kocheperako: Kutentha ndikofunikira pakukula kwa gelatinization wowuma komanso kusintha kwa mapuloteni. Kutentha kosakwanira kumabweretsa kuchepa kwa gelatinization ndi ma pellets ofooka mwachibadwa.
- Kusakwanira kwa nthawi yokhazikika: Kusakwanira kwa nthawi yokhala muzowongolera kumabweretsa kusakanizika kokwanira kwa nthunzi ndi zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kusakhwima kokwanira.
- Kusakwanira kwa nthunzi: Kuwonjezera pa nthunzi kuyenera kukhala 3% -6% ya kupanga; otsika kwambiri kuchuluka kudzalephera kupereka kutentha ndi chinyezi chokwanira.
- Zifukwa za mphete:
- Low mphete kufa psinjika chiŵerengero: The psinjika chiŵerengero (chiŵerengero cha ogwira kutalika kwa awiri a mphete kufa orifice) ndi kiyi chizindikiro kudziwa tinthu kachulukidwe. Kutsika kwa psinjika chiŵerengero, kupanikizana kochepa kwa zinthu kumachitikira m'mphepete mwa kufa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono.
- Kuvala mphete kwambiri: Mphuno ya mphete yakale imakhala yosalala chifukwa cha kuvala, ndipo imatha kupanga "pakamwa pakamwa" polowera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kupanikizika kosakwanira komanso kuchepa kwa tinthu tating'ono.
- Chiŵerengero cha kutsegulira kwa mphete yotsika: Chiŵerengero chotsika chotsegula chimakhudza kuthamanga kwa kutulutsa ndipo nthawi zina kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
- Kukula kwa tinthu kosayenera:
- Mochulukira coarse tinthu kukula: Ngati zopangira pansi kwambiri coarsely, kukhudzana m'dera pakati particles ndi yaing'ono, chifukwa osauka kugwirizana mphamvu, kupanga opangidwa particles mosavuta wosweka ndi otsika kuuma.
- Kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono: Ngakhale ufa wabwino umapindulitsa kumamatira, kugaya kwambiri nthawi zina kumatha kusokoneza mphamvu ya mphero ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Kuphatikiza apo, zabwino sizili bwino nthawi zonse; mulingo woyenera kwambiri tinthu kukula ayenera anatsimikiza zochokera zosiyanasiyana ndi kufa awiri.
(Mphero ya nyundo ya Mufeng imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe apadera a nyundo-screen gap, omwe angasinthidwe pakati pa 2-12mm kuti agwirizane ndi kuphwanyidwa kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tinthu.)
- Kuzizira kosakwanira ndi kuyanika: Ma pellets ongotuluka kumene amakhala ofewa komanso otentha, zomwe zimafunikira choziziritsa kuziziritsa ndikuchepetsa chinyezi. Nthawi yoziziritsa yosakwanira, mpweya wosakwanira, kapena kuyika kwa zinthu zosayenera kungayambitse chinyezi chambiri mkati mwa pellets, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale malo ofewa komanso kuuma kosakwanira.
(Mufeng yozizira, mpweya wozizira umayenda mosiyana ndi zinthu za granular, kotero kuti zinthuzo zimakhazikika pang'onopang'ono kuchokera pansi kupita pamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuzizira kofanana.)
三. Zinthu zakuthupi
- Zatsopano zakuthupi: Zopangira zakale kapena zankhungu zimasintha kapangidwe kake kazakudya komanso mawonekedwe ake, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito a pellets.
- Chinyezi chambiri: Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi muzopangira kumakhudza kuwonjezera ndi kuyamwa kwa nthunzi panthawi yokhazikika, motero kumakhudza gelatinization.
- Kumamatira kwachilengedwe kwa zopangira: Zopangira zomwezo zochokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana (monga chimanga kapena chakudya cha soya zochokera kosiyana) zitha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana odulira chifukwa cha kusiyana kwake.
四、Mapeto
Mwachidule, maziko othetsera vuto la kuuma kwa granule ali mu "kuwongolera bwino" ndi "kufananiza ndi mphete." Kupititsa patsogolo mlingo wa gelatinization wa wowuma ndikugwiritsa ntchito mphete yoyenera kuti mutulutse bwino ndikofunika kuti mupeze ma granules olimba kwambiri.
